The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is critical to identifying task structure and to generalizing appropriately across task states with similar underlying or hidden causes. This capability is at the heart ...

Discover how Markov chains predict real systems, from Ulam and von Neumann’s Monte Carlo to PageRank, so you can grasp ...

Stochastic volatility is the unpredictable nature of asset price volatility over time. It's a flexible alternative to the Black Scholes' constant volatility assumption.

Roulette odds don’t change, but payouts and house edge do. See a clear roulette payouts chart, number odds, and how wheel ...